Browsing by Author "Lee, SoJung"

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    Depressive symptoms and metabolic markers of risk for type 2 diabetes in obese adolescents
    (Wiley, 2013-11) Hannon, Tamara S.; Rofey, Dana L.; Lee, SoJung; Arslanian, Silva A.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: Although higher rates of depression are found among individuals with type 2 diabetes, it remains unknown if the presence of depressive symptoms is associated with heightened metabolic risk for the development of type 2 diabetes among youth. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether depressive symptoms in obese adolescents are associated with impaired β-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity [oral disposition index (oDI)] and/or dysglycemia or prediabetes, predictors of type 2 diabetes development. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived indices of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, secretion, and oDI were evaluated in obese youth (n = 56, age 15.0 ± 1.6 yr, 68% female). The Children's Depression Inventory was utilized to determine depressive symptomatology. RESULTS: Despite no association between depressive symptoms and measures of adiposity, youth with higher depressive symptoms had (i) significantly higher fasting and stimulated glucose levels (13% higher glucose area under the OGTT curve), (ii) ∼50% lower oDI, and (iii) a 50% frequency of prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS: These data point to an important relationship between depressive symptoms and a heightened metabolic risk for type 2 diabetes in obese adolescents, including prediabetes and impairment in β-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity. While the directionality of these relationships is unknown, it should be determined if treating one disorder improves the other or vice versa.
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    Pre-diabetes in overweight youth and early atherogenic risk
    (Elsevier, 2014-12) Burns, Stephen F.; Lee, SoJung; Bacha, Fida; Tfayli, Hala; Hannon, Tamara S.; Arslanian, Silva A.; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    PURPOSE: To compare atherogenic lipoprotein particles and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers in overweight youth with pre-diabetes (PD) vs. normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: 144 adolescents (60 black, 84 white; 102 female; PD=45, NGT=99) aged 10-19 years underwent a fasting blood draw and 2-h OGTT. Lipoprotein particle size and subclass concentration and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) were compared between youth with PD and NGT. RESULTS: Compared with NGT, PD adolescents had smaller LDL (mean±SE: 20.5±0.1 vs. 21.0±0.1 nm; P=0.002) and HDL (8.62±0.05 vs. 8.85±0.04 nm; P=0.013) size and elevated medium small (159.2±10.3 vs. 123.8±6.4 nmol/L; P=0.037) and very small (626.3±45.4 vs. 458.5±26.4 nmol/L; P=0.032) LDL particle concentrations, after adjustment for race and BMI. Further adjusting for fasting insulin or visceral adiposity obviated these differences between the groups except for LDL size. ICAM-1 and E-selectin did not differ in youth with PD but correlated with LDL and HDL size, and small LDL particle concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight adolescents with PD have an atherogenic lipoprotein profile of small LDL and HDL size and increased concentrations of small LDL, moderated by insulin resistance and visceral adiposity, but independently driven by dysglycemia for LDL size. Associations between smooth muscle biomarkers and lipoproteins could be an early signal heralding the atherogenic process. It remains to be determined if correction of dysglycemia and associated lipoprotein abnormalities in obese youth could prove effective in halting this process.