Browsing by Subject "Diagnostic Imaging"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    High resolution ultrasound imaging for repeated measure of wound tissue morphometry, biomechanics and hemodynamics under fetal, adult and diabetic conditions
    (PLOS, 2020-11-23) Gnyawali, Surya C.; Sinha, Mithun; El Masry, Mohamed S.; Wulff, Brian; Ghatak, Subhadip; Soto-Gonzalez, Fidel; Wilgus, Traci A.; Roy, Sashwati; Sen, Chandan K.; Surgery, School of Medicine
    Non-invasive, repeated interrogation of the same wound is necessary to understand the tissue repair continuum. In this work, we sought to test the significance of non-invasive high-frequency high-resolution ultrasound technology for such interrogation. High-frequency high-resolution ultrasound imaging was employed to investigate wound healing under fetal and adult conditions. Quantitative tissue cellularity and elastic strain was obtained for visualization of unresolved inflammation using Vevo strain software. Hemodynamic properties of the blood flow in the artery supplying the wound-site were studied using color Doppler flow imaging. Non-invasive monitoring of fetal and adult wound healing provided unprecedented biomechanical and functional insight. Fetal wounds showed highly accelerated closure with transient perturbation of wound tissue cellularity. Fetal hemodynamics was unique in that sharp fall in arterial pulse pressure (APP) which was rapidly restored within 48h post-wounding. In adults, APP transiently increased post-wounding before returning to the pre-wounding levels by d10 post-wounding. The pattern of change in the elasticity of wound-edge tissue of diabetics was strikingly different. Severe strain acquired during the early inflammatory phase persisted with a slower recovery of elasticity compared to that of the non-diabetic group. Wound bed of adult diabetic mice (db/db) showed persistent hypercellularity compared to littermate controls (db/+) indicative of prolonged inflammation. Normal skin strain of db/+ and db/db were asynchronous. In db/db, severe strain acquired during the early inflammatory phase persisted with a slower recovery of elasticity compared to that of non-diabetics. This study showcases a versatile clinically relevant imaging platform suitable for real-time analyses of functional wound healing.
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    Pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders: advances in imaging and computational modeling
    (IEEE, 2014-09) Ward, Sally L. Davidson; Amin, Raouf; Arens, Raanan; Chen, Zhongping; Davis, Stephanie; Gutmark, Ephraim; Superfine, Richard; Wong, Brian; Zdanski, Carlton; Khoo, Michael C.K.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    We understand now that sleep of sufficient length and quality is required for good health. This is particularly true for infants and children, who have the added physiologic task of growth and development, as compared to their adult counterparts. Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are common in childhood and if unrecognized and not treated can result in significant morbidity. For example, children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can exhibit behavioral, mood, and learning difficulties. If left untreated, alterations in the function of the autonomic nervous system and a chronic inflammatory state result, contributing to the risk of heart disease, stroke, glucose intolerance, and hypertension in adulthood.
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    Renal relevant radiology: imaging in kidney transplantation
    (American Society of Nephrology, 2014-02) Sharfuddin, Asif; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Kidney transplantation can be associated with various complications that vary from vascular complications to urologic disorders to immunologic adverse effects. In evaluating the recipient with graft dysfunction, clinicians can choose among several imaging modalities, including ultrasonography, nuclear medicine studies, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. This review discusses the evaluation of the kidney transplant recipient using these imaging procedures, emphasizing the clinical diagnostic utility and role of each modality. A kidney biopsy is often required as a gold standard for diagnostic purposes. However, because of the inherent risks of a kidney biopsy, noninvasive imaging in diagnosing causes of graft dysfunction is a highly desired tool used and needed by the transplant community. Because the diagnostic accuracy varies depending on the time course and nature of the transplant-related complication, this review also addresses the advantages and limitations of each modality. The recent advances in kidney transplant imaging techniques and their clinical implications are also discussed.