Browsing by Subject "Squamous cell carcinoma"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Age at Diagnosis as a Relative Contraindication for Intervention in Facial Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
    (American Medical Association, 2018-04-01) Chauhan, Ruvi; Munger, Brook N.; Chu, Michael W.; Munshi, Imtiaz; Cohen, Adam C.; Wooden, William A.; Tholpady, Sunil S.; Surgery, School of Medicine
    Facial nonmelanoma skin cancers (fNMSCs), consisting of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, are the most common cancers diagnosed worldwide and increase with age. Standard treatment for fNMSCs requires biopsy for pathological confirmation, followed by excision. Excision can lead to a pathological diagnosis of no residual carcinoma (NRC) due to no identifiable carcinoma within the excisional specimen. This situation can occur owing to wound healing in the specimen clearing the carcinoma or to the original biopsy shaving off the entire lesion. This study assesses the utility of excising fNMSCs according to age, with the hypothesis that the indolent nature of fNMSCs and the high NRC rate, coupled with increasing age-related all-cause mortality, should cause the surgeon to counsel patients differently. Such counseling may prevent surgery among elderly patients (>90 years) who may never see a benefit from fNMSC excision.
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    Alcohol intake is associated with increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: three US prospective cohort studies
    (Taylor & Francis, 2016-05) Siiskonen, Satu; Han, Jiali; Li, Tricia; Cho, Eunyoung; Nijsten, Tamar; Qureshi, Abrar; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    The association between alcohol intake and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is unclear. We studied the association between alcohol intake and incident invasive cSCC in three cohorts of women and men with repeated assessments of alcohol intake in the US. Information on alcohol intake was collected repeatedly during follow-up. Cumulative average of alcohol intakes was used. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with time-dependent exposure were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals, followed by a meta-analysis. During a follow-up of 4,234,416 person-years, 2,938 cSCC were identified. Alcohol intake was associated with an increased risk of cSCC with a dose-response relationship. Each additional drink (12.8 gram of alcohol) per day was associated with a 22% increased risk of cSCC (RR 1.22, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-1.31). White wine consumption of ≥5 times/wk was associated with an increased risk of cSCC (RR 1.31, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.59). We found no increased risk of cSCC with other alcoholic beverages. The population-attributable risk associated with alcohol intake of ≥20 grams/d was 3% of cSCCs. In conclusion, alcohol intake was associated with an elevated risk of cSCC. Among alcoholic beverages, white wine was associated with cSCC.
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    Defects in the Fanconi Anemia Pathway in Head and Neck Cancer Cells Stimulate Tumor Cell Invasion through DNA-PK and Rac1 Signaling
    (American Association for Cancer Research, 2016-04-15) Romick-Rosendale, Lindsey E.; Hoskins, Elizabeth E.; Privette Vinnedge, Lisa M.; Foglesong, Grant D.; Brusadelli, Marion G.; Potter, S. Steven; Komurov, Kakajan; Brugmann, Samantha A.; Lambert, Paul F.; Kimple, Randall J.; Virts, Elizabeth L.; Hanenberg, Helmut; Gillison, Maura L.; Wells, Susanne I.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    PURPOSE: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a devastating disease, and Fanconi anemia (FA) gene mutations and transcriptional repression are common. Invasive tumor behavior is associated with poor outcome, but relevant pathways triggering invasion are poorly understood. There is a significant need to improve our understanding of genetic pathways and molecular mechanisms driving advanced tumor phenotypes, to develop tailored therapies. Here we sought to investigate the phenotypic and molecular consequences of FA pathway loss in HNSCC cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using sporadic HNSCC cell lines with and without FA gene knockdown, we sought to characterize the phenotypic and molecular consequences of FA deficiency. FA pathway inactivation was confirmed by the detection of classic hallmarks of FA following exposure to DNA cross-linkers. Cells were subjected to RNA sequencing with qRT-PCR validation, followed by cellular adhesion and invasion assays in the presence and absence of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and Rac1 inhibitors. RESULTS: We demonstrate that FA loss in HNSCC cells leads to cytoskeletal reorganization and invasive tumor cell behavior in the absence of proliferative gains. We further demonstrate that cellular invasion following FA loss is mediated, at least in part, through NHEJ-associated DNA-PK and downstream Rac1 GTPase activity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that FA loss stimulates HNSCC cell motility and invasion, and implicate a targetable DNA-PK/Rac1 signaling axis in advanced tumor phenotypes.
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    Predicting progression of in situ carcinoma in the era of precision genomics
    (AME Publishing Company, 2019-06) Cheng, Monica; Hanna, Nasser H.; Davidson, Darrell D.; Gunderman, Richard B.; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine