Browsing by Subject "health communication"
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Item After Visit Summary: Not an Afterthought(Sage, 2019-09) Sieferd, Edward; Mohanty, Nivedita; Holden, Richard J.; Medicine, School of MedicineThe After Visit Summary (AVS) is provided to patients after clinical visits to summarize what happened during the visit and guide future care. Despite its potential to improve shared decision-making, self-management, and communication, the design of the typical AVS is not optimized to communicate useful information in an understandable way. The AVS usability challenge is magnified in vulnerable patient populations such as those served by community health centers (CHCs). The purpose of this research was to evaluate and refine a redesigned AVS intended to better communicate information to CHC patients.Item Communication About Lifestyle Change Between Cardiac Patients and Their Partners(2006) Goldsmith, Daena J.; Gumminger, Kristin Lindholm; Bute, Jennifer J.Although adherence to a heart-healthy lifestyle can improve recovery from a heart attack or bypass surgery, compliance with recommended behavior modifications is generally low. A spouse or partner can influence patient lifestyle change but much remains to be learned about what types of interactions facilitate adherence versus produce overprotection or resistance. We interviewed 25 persons who experienced a cardiac event in the past year and 16 partners. Our goals were to describe how couples talk about adherence and to identify features of communication that were variable, meaningful, and potentially consequential. Couples varied in how often they talked about adherence and those who talked a little, a lot, or occasionally differed not just in quantity of talk but also in the meaning of talk and strategies for regulating its frequency. Adherence talk occurred in various speech events, including praise, problem-solving discussion, acknowledgment, meta-communication, argument, and compliance-gaining. Different types of episodes entailed different roles and relational qualities. When partners engaged in compliance-gaining, the style in which they attempted social control (e.g., direct or indirect, humorous or serious, ritualistic or not, verbal or nonverbal) shaped its meaning. Our findings are consistent with Goldsmith’s (2004) theory of social support and have implications for how we conceptualize and measure couple communication about adherence. Our descriptions of behavior may help couples understand why they experience interactions as supportive or not. Describing behaviors can also give validation to couples experiencing communication challenges as well as offer a range of possible alternatives for interacting.Item Current Smokers’ Preferences for Receiving Cessation Information in a Lung Cancer Screening Setting(Springer, 2017) Carter-Harris, Lisa; Schwindt, Rhonda; Bakkoyannis, Giorgos; Ceppa, DuyKhanh Pham; School of NursingThe purpose of this study was to identify current smokers’ communication format preferences for receiving smoking cessation information in a lung cancer screening setting. A cross-sectional correlational design using survey methodology with 159 screening-eligible current smokers was the method used. Data was dichotomized (digital versus traditional preference) and analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Race was a statistically significant predictor with White participants having four times greater odds of reporting preference for a digital format for receiving smoking cessation information such as social media and/or supportive text messages (OR: 4.06; p = 0.004). Lung cancer screening is a new venue where current long-term smokers can be offered information about smoking cessation while they are engaging in a health-promoting behavior and potentially more likely to contemplate quitting. It is important to consider the communication format preference of current smokers to support cessation uptake. This study is the first to examine communication format preference of current smokers in the context of the lung cancer screening venue. Key differences noted by race support the need for further research examining multiple formats of communication with efforts to maximize options in the cancer screening setting.Item Development of patient-centric linguistically tailored psychoeducational messages to support nutrition and medication self-management in type 2 diabetes: a feasibility study(Dove Press Ltd, 2014-10-07) Bartlett Ellis, Rebecca J.; Connor, Ulla; Marshall, James; School of NursingPurpose: This study evaluated the feasibility of developing linguistically tailored educational messages designed to match the linguistic styles of patients segmented into types with the Descriptor™, and to determine patient preferences for tailored or standard messages based on their segments. Patients and methods: Twenty patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were recruited from a diabetes health clinic. Participants were segmented using the Descriptor™, a language-based questionnaire, to identify patient types based on their control orientation (internal/external), agency (high/low), and affect (positive/negative), which are well studied constructs related to T2DM self-management. Two of the seven self-care behaviors described by the American Association of Diabetes Educators (healthy eating and taking medication) were used to develop standard messages and then linguistically tailored using features of the six different construct segment types of the Descriptor™. A subset of seven participants each provided feedback on their preference for standard or linguistically tailored messages; 12 comparisons between standard and tailored messages were made. Results: Overall, the tailored messages were preferred to the standard messages. When the messages were matched to specific construct segment types, the tailored messages were preferred over the standard messages, although this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Linguistically tailoring messages based on construct segments is feasible. Further - more, tailored messages were more often preferred over standard messages. This study provides some preliminary evidence for tailoring messages based on the linguistic features of control orientation, agency, and affect. The messages developed in this study should be tested in a larger more representative sample. The present study did not explore whether tailored messages were better understood. This research will serve as preliminary evidence to develop future studies with the ultimate goal to design intervention studies to investigate if linguistically tailoring com - munication within the context of patient education influences patient knowledge, motivation, and activation toward making healthy behavior changes in T2DM self-management.Item The effects of HIV testing advocacy messages on test acceptance: a randomized clinical trial(2014-11) Kasting, Monica L.; Cox, Anthony D.; Cox, Dena S.; Fife, Kenneth H.; Katz, Barry P.; Zimet, Gregory D.Background Nearly 1 in 5 people living with HIV in the United States are unaware they are infected. Therefore, it is important to develop and evaluate health communication messages that clinicians can use to encourage HIV testing. Methods The objective was to evaluate health communication messages designed to increase HIV testing rates among women and evaluate possible moderators of message effect. We used a randomized four-arm clinical trial conducted at urban community outpatient health clinics involving 1,919 female patients, 18 to 64 years old. The four health message intervention groups were: i) information-only control; ii) one-sided message describing the advantages of HIV testing; iii) two-sided message acknowledging a superficial objection to testing (i.e., a 20 minute wait for results) followed by a description of the advantages of testing; and iv) two-sided message acknowledging a serious objection (i.e., fear of testing positive for HIV) followed by a description of the advantages of testing. The main outcome was acceptance of an oral rapid HIV test. Results Participants were randomized to receive the control message (n = 483), one-sided message (n = 480), two-sided message with a superficial objection (n = 481), or two-sided message with a serious objection (n = 475). The overall rate of HIV test acceptance was 83%. The two-sided message groups were not significantly different from the controls. The one-sided message group, however, had a lower rate of testing (80%) than the controls (86%) (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.93; P = 0.018). “Perceived obstacles to HIV testing” moderated this effect, indicating that the decrease in HIV test acceptance for the one-sided message group was only statistically significant for those who had reported high levels of obstacles to HIV testing (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19–0.67; P = 0.001). Conclusions None of the messages increased test acceptance. The one-sided message decreased acceptance and this effect was particularly true for women with greater perceived obstacles to testing, the very group one would most want to persuade. This finding suggests that efforts to persuade those who are reluctant to get tested, in some circumstances, may have unanticipated negative effects. Other approaches to messaging around HIV testing should be investigated, particularly with diverse, behaviorally high-risk populations.Item The effects of message framing and healthcare provider recommendation on adult hepatitis B vaccination: A randomized controlled trial(Elsevier, 2019-08-09) Kasting, Monica L.; Head, Katharine J.; Cox, Dena; Cox, Anthony D.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineMany adults in the U.S. do not receive recommended vaccines, and the research literature remains inconclusive on the best communication strategies for increasing this behavior. This study examined the association of message framing (gained-framed vs. loss-framed vs. control), and healthcare provider (HCP) recommendation (offered vs. recommended) on uptake of adult hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in a high risk population using a 3×2 block design randomized controlled trial. Fear of shots, fear of vaccines, and perceived message framing were examined in secondary analyses. Of the 1,747 participants, 47.7% (n=833) received 0 doses of HBV vaccine, 27.8% (n=485) received 1 dose, 10.4% received 2 doses, and 14.1% received all 3 recommended doses. There was not a significant interaction between message framing and HCP recommendation (p =.59). Mean number of doses received by the gain-framed group (m=.96) was not significantly different from the loss-framed group (m=.97, RR=.99, 95% CI=.88–1.12). However, those receiving any framing message received significantly more doses (m= .96) than those in the control condition (m=.81, RR=1.17, 95%CI=1.06–1.31). Participants who received a HCP recommendation received significantly more vaccine doses (m=.95) than those in the vaccine-offered condition (mean=.82, RR=1.16, 95%CI=1.05–1.28). These results suggest there is no difference in vaccine uptake between gain-frame and loss-frame messages, but both are better than a control message. These results also support advising HCP to provide a strong recommendation for vaccinations beyond merely offering it to patients. This study has implications for vaccine uptake beyond HBV, and can inform future research on effective vaccine communication research.Item Factors Predicting Emotional Cue-Responding Behaviors of Nurses in Taiwan: An Observational Study(Wiley, 2017) Lin, Mei-Feng; Lee, An-Yu; Chou, Cheng-Chen; Liu, Tien-Yu; Tang, Chia-Chun; School of NursingObjective Responding to emotional cues is an essential element of therapeutic communication. The purpose of this study is to examine nurses' competence of responding to emotional cues (CRE) and related factors while interacting with standardized patients with cancer. Methods This is an exploratory and predictive correlational study. A convenience sample of registered nurses who have passed the probationary period in southern Taiwan was recruited to participate in 15-minute videotaped interviews with standardized patients. The Medical Interview Aural Rating Scale was used to describe standardized patients' emotional cues and to measure nurses' CRE. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to evaluate nurses' anxiety level before the conversation. We used descriptive statistics to describe the data and stepwise regression to examine the predictors of nurses' CRE. Results A total of 110 nurses participated in the study. Regardless of the emotional cue level, participants predominately responded to cues with inappropriate distancing strategies. Prior formal communication training, practice unit, length of nursing practice, and educational level together explain 36.3% variances of the nurses' CRE. Conclusions This study is the first to explore factors related to Taiwanese nurses' CRE. Compared to nurses in other countries, Taiwanese nurses tended to respond to patients' emotional cues with more inappropriate strategies. We also identified significant predictors of CRE that show the importance of communication training. Future research and education programs are needed to enhance nurses' CRE and to advocate for emotion-focused communication.Item Fertility(2014) Harter, Lynn M.; Bute, Jennifer J.Item Fostering Interdisciplinary Boundary Spanning in Health Communication: A Call for a Paradigm Shift(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Hoffmann-Longtin, Krista; Kerr, Anna M.; Shaunfield, Sara; Koenig, Christopher J.; Bylund, Carma L.; Clayton, Margaret F.; Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsScholarship in the field of health communication is broad, with interdisciplinary contributions from researchers trained in a variety of fields including communication, nursing, medicine, pharmacy, public health, and social work. In this paper, we explore the role of “health communication boundary spanners” (HCBS), individuals whose scholarly work and academic appointment reflect dual citizenship in both the communication discipline and the health professions or public health. Using a process of critical reflective inquiry, we elucidate opportunities and challenges associated with HCBS across the spectrum of health communication in order to provide guidance for individuals pursuing boundary spanning roles and those who supervise and mentor them. This dual citizen role suggests that HCBS have unique skills, identities, perspectives, and practices that contribute new ways of being and knowing that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. The health communication field is evolving in response to the need to address significant healthcare and policy problems. No one discipline has the ability to single-handedly fix our current healthcare systems. Narrative data from this study illustrate the importance of seeing HCBS work beyond simply being informed by disciplinary knowledge. Rather, we suggest that adapting ways of knowing and definitions of expertise is an integral part of the solution to solving persistent health problems.Item Health Communication and Health Education: Empowering Students to Educate Their Communities(2009-04) Bute, Jennifer J.; Kopchick, Char L.Objectives: After completing this project, students will be able to: (a) use health communication research and theory to create educational materials; (b) analyze an audience and develop creative educational materials based on audience characteristics; and (c) consult with key constituents during the development of educational materials