Sex Steroids and Stem Cell Function

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dc.contributor.authorRay, Rinki
dc.contributor.authorNovotny, Nathan M.
dc.contributor.authorCrisostomo, Paul R.
dc.contributor.authorLahm, Tim
dc.contributor.authorAbarbanel, Aaron
dc.contributor.authorMeldrum, Daniel R.
dc.contributor.departmentSurgery, School of Medicineen_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-11T16:09:03Z
dc.date.available2020-12-11T16:09:03Z
dc.date.issued2008-05-05
dc.description.abstractGender dimorphisms exist in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular, cardiopulmonary, neurodegenerative, and endocrine disorders. Estrogens exert immense influence on myocardial remodeling following ischemic insult, partially through paracrine growth hormone production by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells. Estrogens also facilitate the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells to the ischemic myocardium and enhance neovascularization at the ischemic border zone. Moreover, estrogens limit pathological myocardial remodeling through the inhibitory effects on the proliferation of the cardiac fibroblasts. Androgens also may stimulate endothelial progenitor cell migration from the bone marrow, yet the larger role of androgens in disease pathogenesis is not well characterized. The beneficial effects of sex steroids include alteration of lipid metabolism in preadipocytes, modulation of bone metabolism and skeletal maturation, and prevention of osteoporosis through their effects on osteogenic precursors. In an example of sex steroid-specific effects, neural stem cells exhibit enhanced proliferation in response to estrogens, whereas androgens mediate inhibitory effects on their proliferation. Although stem cells can offer significant therapeutic benefits in various cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, endocrine disorders, and disorders of bone metabolism, a greater understanding of sex hormones on diverse stem cell populations is required to improve their ultimate clinical efficacy. In this review, we focus on the effects of estrogen and testosterone on various stem and progenitor cell types, and their relevant intracellular mechanisms.en_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.identifier.citationRay, R., Novotny, N.M., Crisostomo, P.R. et al. Sex Steroids and Stem Cell Function. Mol Med 14, 493–501 (2008). https://doi.org/10.2119/2008-00004.Rayen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1805/24580
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_US
dc.relation.isversionof10.2119/2008-00004.Rayen_US
dc.relation.journalMolecular Medicineen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.sourcePublisheren_US
dc.subjectEndothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs)en_US
dc.subjectMarrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)en_US
dc.subjectCardiac Fibroblasts (CFs)en_US
dc.subjectBone Marrow MSCsen_US
dc.titleSex Steroids and Stem Cell Functionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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